Depth of Field (shallow and wide)- what's in focus, shallow or wide, when it's shallow only a little bit is in focus, when it's wide there's a lot of stuff in focus.
Light (angle and intensity)- angle is about where the light is coming from, intensity is how bright the light is.
Shadows- the absence of light
Diffusion- take an intense light an decrease the soft of the light.
Exposure- what your picture actually looks like, too light, too dark, or in between.
Aperture (f-stop)- inside the lens, how big the opening is.
Shutter speed- it has to do with the mirror inside of the camera, and how fast the mirror opens and closes, how fast the photo is taken.
ISO- sensor inside the camera, how sensitive the sensor is to light. As you increase the ISO you increase the amount of grain that you'll see on your picture.
Types of lenses
Telephoto- Zooms in closer to the subject
Prime- does not zooms at all, a fixed length, bigger aperture setting.
Wide Angle- more in a photo, usually for landscapes.
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